Refers to a consumer’s consistent preference for purchasing the same brand over competing ones, driven by positive perceptions and past experiences with the brand.
It is a key indicator of a brand’s strength and customer satisfaction.
Refers to a consumer’s consistent preference for purchasing the same brand over competing ones, driven by positive perceptions and past experiences with the brand.
It is a key indicator of a brand’s strength and customer satisfaction.
Includes the visual elements of a brand such as the logo, design, color that helps the
A policy set by manufacturers dictating the lowest price at which retailers are allowed to advertise
An inventory management that is focused on optimizing inventory levels by receiving raw materials and components