Refers to a consumer’s consistent preference for purchasing the same brand over competing ones, driven by positive perceptions and past experiences with the brand.
It is a key indicator of a brand’s strength and customer satisfaction.
Refers to a consumer’s consistent preference for purchasing the same brand over competing ones, driven by positive perceptions and past experiences with the brand.
It is a key indicator of a brand’s strength and customer satisfaction.
A pricing strategy where retailers lower the prices of products to boost sales and manage inventory
Refers to the additional units of a product sold to retailers or consumers directly attributed to
A consumer product without a widely recognized name or logo, often lacking extensive advertising compared to